C++ - Math

Overview

Estimated time: 25–35 minutes

Use <cmath> for common math functions and <limits> for numeric traits.

Learning Objectives

• Call cmath functions correctly (overloads for float/double/long double).
• Use std::numeric_limits to query type properties.

Prerequisites

• C++ - Namespaces

Common math

#include <cmath>
#include <iostream>
int main(){
  std::cout << std::sqrt(9.0) << "\n"; // 3
  std::cout << std::pow(2.0, 3.0) << "\n"; // 8
}

numeric_limits

#include <limits>
#include <iostream>
int main(){
  std::cout << std::numeric_limits<int>::max() << "\n";
}

Common Pitfalls

• Using integers with cmath functions may select unintended overloads; cast to double when needed.

Exercises

1. Compute hypotenuse length with sqrt(a*a+b*b).